Carving-machine



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. K. RISHEL. GARVING MACHINE.

Patented Aug. 23, 1892.

awi

(No Model.) I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. K. RISHEL.

CARVING MAGHINE.

No. 481,372. Patented Aug. 23, 1892.

m ucmto'c gym v NITED STATES PATENT OFFIcE.

JOHN K. RISHEL, OF I-IUGHESVILLE,PENNSYLVANIA.

CARVlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 481,372, dated August23, 1892.

Application filed November 11, 1891. $erial No. 411,556. (No model.)

To to whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN K. RISHEL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Hughesville, in the county of Lycomingand State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCarving-Machines; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of devices known ascarving-machines.

The primary object had in view is the attainment in a novel manner of afree movement of the carving-arms in any and all di rections and at thesame time secure a perfect balance or equipoise thereof in order tofacilitate this movement.

With the above and other objects in view the invention consists in theimproved construction and combination of parts, as hereinafter morefully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of theentire machine. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional View. Fig.3 is a sideelevation of one of the sections for holding the material to be carved.Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line w 00, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is aplan view of one of the carving-arms. Fig. 6 is an elevation of one ofthe supporting-arms. Fig. 7 is a cross-section of oneof theconnecting-rods, showing the sleeve-thereon. Fig. 8 is a detail view inperspective of one of the hangers or brackets. Fig. 9 is a detailperspective view of the journal-box with its sleeve removed. Fig. 10 isa detail view of one of the carving-arm journals with its sleeve inposition thereon, a part of said sleeve being broken away. Fig. 11 is adetached view showing the cutting-tool spindle, its journal-bearings,and the tool-chuck.

Like figures of reference refer to like parts throughout the severalviews.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 indicates the frame or casing,which contains the uprights or sections 2, upon which the material to becarved is fastened in any desirable manner. These sections are securedin the casing or frame by means of grooves, as indicated at 3, the edgesof said sections fitting snugly within the grooves.

The numeral at indicates guides or posts, between which the frame orcasing 1 is adjustably secured.

At the top of the ends of the frame or casing, as at 5, I attach a ropeor chain 6, which passes over a pulley 7, secured to the top or ceilingof the room in any desired manner. After passing over the pulley therope or chain descends and has attached toits lower end a Weight 8 tocounterbalance the weight of the frame or casing 1 when the latter israised above the floor, upon which it normally rests. To hold the frameor casing rigid in an elevated position, I provide set-screws or cams 9,attached to any or all of the posts 4.

The numerals 10 1O 10 indicate brackets or hangers suspended from theceiling of the room at points to one side of the frame or casing 1.These brackets are of the peculiar form shown in the drawings andprovided at their lower ends with a square or rectangular frame 11 1111.

The numerals 12 12 12 indicate journalboxes, the bores of which aretubular throughout, while at their centers, exteriorly, are formedrectangular or square portions 13, which fit in the rectangular frame 11and are held therein adj ustably by means of setscrews 14.

Journaled in the boxes is a counter-shaft 15, and mounted upon thecylindrical stems of each of the journal-boxes upon one side only of therectangular portions 13 are sleeves 16.

Fig. 6 of the drawings illustrates one of the supporting-arms, of whichthree are shown in the present illustration of my invention. These armsare designated by the numeral 17 and are preferably composed of acentral eye or ring 18 and end loops or rings 19 19. Passing through theupper eyes of the supportingarms is a counterbalance-rod 21, which isheld in place by means of set-screws 22, passing through the eyes andextending into recesses in the shaft. The central eyes of thesupporting-arms surround the sleeve 16 and are secured thereto by meansof set-screws 23.

The carving-arms normally extend in a horizontal position and areconnected together medially and formed into a rigid frame by transverserods 24 24, which between the carving-arms are incased by metallic tubes25, (see Fig. 7,) adapted to maintain said carving-arms the requireddistance apart. The carving-arms are further connected together at theirouter ends by means of a counterbalancing-rod 26 and secured therein byany suitable means. It is of course obvious that, instead of securingthe counterbalance-rods at the ends of the carving-arms and at the topof the supporting-arms, I could in place thereof provide weight-ballswithout departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. I prefer,however, to adopt the construction herein shown and described, inasmuchas not only a perfect counter-balance for the arms is secured, but,furthermore, said arms are made more rigid without adding to the weightof the machine.

The two outer carving-arms upon one side of the machine have turningtherein a short shaft 29. The innermost of these two arms has securedtherein a short socketed bearing 30, while the outermost one is providedwith a longer socketed bearing 31, into which bearings the ends of theshaft project, so as to be free to turn therein on points fitted intothe bearings. Socketed bearings similar to those numbered 31 are screwedthrough the central carving-arm and outermost arm upon the other side ofthe machine and in which the ends of a shaft 32 are free to turn. Uponthe two shafts are mounted fixed pulleys 33 33 and intermediate pulleys34 34, the latter being connected to corresponding pulleys upon thecountershaft by means of belts 36 36. Sleeves 47 are loosely mounted onthe longer bearings 31 and enter the lower rings or eyes 19, which arepivotally secured thereto by means of set-screws, as shown. Theinnermost ends of the carving-arms are bifurcated, and through eachmember of the furcate part screw-sockets 37 and 38 pass, the latterbeing tubular throughout and both held in proper position by means ofjam-nuts 39. The cutting-tool spindle 40 has its pointed end bearing insocket 37, and its opposite end passes through tubular socket 38 and isscrew-threaded to receive a universal tool-chuck 41. It will be noticedthat the inner end of socket 38 is cut angularly to receive the part 42of the spindle of an approximate truncated cone shape. Upon thecutting-tool spindles intermediate thebifurcated portions of thecuttingarms are located pulleys 43, which are connected to the pulleys33 33 of shafts 29 and and 32 by means of belts 44.

Intermediate two of the carving-arms is arranged the guiding-arm 45,through which shaft 32 freely passes. This guiding-arm is also maderigid with the carving-arms by means of the rods 24 24 andcounterbalanceshaft 26, and its inner end is provided with a lateralguide-pin 46 for following the outline of the pattern.

The above being a description of my improved carving-machine, itsoperation is as follows: Material to be carved being secured in positionin one of the sections 2 by clamping, bolting, or otherwise, and thepattern to be followed having been placed in position for the guide-pin,the'machinery is started, which causes the revolution of thecountershaft 15 and its fixed pulleys 35 35. By means of belts 36pulleys 34 34 and their shafts are caused to revolve. With therevolution of these shafts the cutting-tools are made to operate throughthe medium of the belts, connectin g the pulleys of said cutting-toolswith the pulleys 33. The machine being now running, the guide-pin iscaused to follow the outlines of the pattern to be carved. As theguide-pin is fastened to one of the inner ends of the carving-arms andthe whole number of carving-arms secured together, it is obvious thatthe point of each of the operating or cut.- ting tools will bear exactlythe same relation to the material to be carved as the point of theguide-pin bears to the pattern it is following.

By my improved construction above described it will be seen that I amable to move the carving-arms in all directions-in or out, up ordown-thereby moving the cutting or operating tool in the same direction,and hence making it possible to carve more diificult designs with muchgreater case than has heretofore been the case.

Another advantage of my machine is that if only one or two pieces aredesired to be carved all that is necessary to be done is simply todetach one of the belts 36, so that the rotation of the counter-shaftwill only be imparted to one of the lower shafts 29 or 32.

Although in this application I have only shown and described fivecarving-arms, I do not limit myself to this number, as it. is obvio'usthat I may employ any number of carving-arms in one machine, and throughone or a plurality of shafts, similar to shafts 29 and 32, provide foroperating as large a number of carving-arms as is necessary.

It will be seen that by causing the sleeves 16 to rotate on the stems ofthe journal-boxes 12 the supporting-arms will be made to vibrate in theplanes of the carving-arms, and thereby bring the cutting-tools farthertoward the front or rear of the material to be carved. The cutting-toolsmay be moved up or down by turning on the lower sleeves 47 withoutafiecting the movement of the supporting-arms. A sidewise movement canalso be given to the carving-arms in order to bring the cutting-toolstoward or from the work when necessary, so as to stop the workaltogether or permit of a deep or shallow incision by the cutting-tools.It will be understood that when not in operation the cutting-arms arebalanced horizontally by the shaft 26 with the cutting-tools a slightdistance away from the work. Now if the cutters. be pushed to the rightor toward the Work to be carved the upper counterweight-rod, by reasonof its rigid attachment to the supporting-arms and the set-screws working pivotally on the loose sleeves, will be caused tobe moved to the left,the set-screws 23 being the pivots or center of motion. Theentiremovementdoes notexceed, usually, more than two or three inches,except in very heavy Work or thick pieces, so that the end movement islimited, but at the same time very important. While the arrangementpermits the end movement freely to the right or left, the arms are allcompelled to move at the same time, as the upper loops are secured to arigid counterbalance-shaft. If the sup porting-arms were not secured tothis counterbalance-rod at the top, one cutter-arm might move forwardand the other backward suffioiently to create a trembling of the cuttersand produce a roughness in the Work, as the cutters would not make auniform incision.

It is to be further noted that the cutters are adapted to run inopposite directions or all one way, it being possiblevto run them inopposite directions by simply operating one of the section by across-belt.

By the adjustment of the cutting-tool spindle, herein shown anddescribed, the spindle can be kept tight in its bearings, and at thesame time run smoothly and without jar to the cutter-bits.

The carving-arms when not in use, if properly balanced, will hangparallel, although at right angles to the counter-shaft above supportedby the three vertical arms; furthermore, when not in use and if properlybalanced, the carving-arms stand at right angles to the vertical framefor receiving the pieces to be carved. By this adjustment and perfectbalance of all the parts the arms will move in any direction easily andreadily without dragging or pulling on the arms of the operator. Byproviding hangers with the lower rectangular frame to receive thecorrespondingly-shaped portion ofthe journalboxes and having thesupporting-arms on loose sleeves I avoid the danger of jar and tremblingof the counter-shaft, the box being held firmly in position. If thesleeve were placed on the shaft direct, the jar and trembling, if any,would be communicated to the cutting-tool. By suspending the carving-arms,

in a counterbalanced horizontal position, as shown and described, theweight of the arms is removed entirely from the cutters and the wear onthe bearings is reduced to a minimum, so that there is no sagging of thecarving-arms and the cutting-tools will always operate easily, evenly,and smoothly.

Havingthus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States, is-

1. The combination of a series of horizontally-disposed carving-armsadapted to oscillate in vertical planes, a counterbalancingrodconnecting said arms, a counter-shaft, means for suspending thecarving-arms beneath the counter-shaft, a cutting or operating tool onthe extremity of each carvingarm, and means for operating thecountershaft and transferring its motion to the cutting-tools.

2. The combination of a counter-shaft, sup- "porting-arms mountedthereon and adapted to oscillate thereon both from side to side andforward and backward,carving-arms carried by said supporting-arms,cutters on the ends of the carving-arms, and means for operatingthecounter-shaft and the cutters.

3. The combination of carving-arms, a counter-balance therefor, a shaftconnecting said arms, supporting-arms having an eye or loop throughwhich the counter-shaft passes and another loop or eye at their lowerextremities wherein the shaft connecting the carvingarms is supported,cutters on the ends of the carving-arms, and means for operating thecounter-shaft and the cutters.

4. The combination of counterbalanced carving-arms having their innerends provided with cutters, a shaft connecting the carving-arms, armsfor suspending the carving-arms, provided at their ends and intermediatesaid ends with eyes or loops, a counterbalance-rod secured in the uppereyes by setscrews, sleeves secured centrally in the intermediate eyes orloops and supporting the arms,

sleeves secured centrally in the lower eyes or loops and in whichlateral extensions from the carving-arms are journaled, and means foroperating the cutters.

5. The combination of a shaft or shafts, means for rotating the same,carving-arms provided with fixed bearings for the journals of the shaftsso as to have a pivotal movement independent thereof, sleeves looselymounted on said bearings, and supportingarms having eyes or loops inwhich said sleeves are pivotally secured.

G. In a carving-machine, the combination of carving-arms and anintermediate guidingarm, socketed bearings passing through thecarving-arms, said bearings upon the two outer arms and one oftheintermediate arms being extended laterally, shafts having their endsjournaled in said bearings and passing through the guiding arm, sleevesloosely mounted upon the extended bearings, a counfer-shaft above thecarving-arms, supportingarms provided with eyes or loops to receive theloose sleeves, and means for transferring the rotary movement of thecounter-shaft to the shafts of the carving-arms and from the latter tothe cutting-tools, substantially as set forth.

7. In a carving-machine, the combination of brackets provided at theirlower ends with square or rectangular frames, journal-boxes havingsquare or rectangular portions registering therewith, a counter-shaftprovided with pulleys and having its ends bearing in carving-mulls andcarrying pulleys to receive the journal-boxes, sleeves loosely mountedone belt from the pulley of the counter-shaft. upon the cylindricalportions of the journaland also a belt connecting with the pulley ofboxes, counterbalanced supporting-arms prothe cutting-tool,substantially as set forth.

5 vided with eyes or loops, one set of eyes or In testimony whereofIaffix m y signature in 15 loops being secured to the loose sleeves bypresence of two witnesses.

set-screws, sleeves fitting and secured within JOHN K. RISI-IEL. thelower eyes of the series, carving-arms Witnesses: provided with lateralextensions turning in WV. I-I. QGHUYLER,

L. P. MCCLENATHEN.

10 the sleeves, a shaft or shafts jonrnaled in said

